Baths During Pregnancy: Safety, Precautions, Salts, & More

Let’s face it: pregnancy is exhausting. Does a warm soak in the tub sound like paradise for your aching back and swollen feet?

A bath is an excellent way to relax and soothe your body while you’re growing a tiny human. Many expectant mothers use bathing as a nightly ritual to unwind.

While it is generally safe for you to take baths when pregnant, you need to take specific precautions to ensure safety for both you and your baby.

Is It Safe To Take a Hot Bath While Pregnant?

It is safe for you to take a bath when you’re pregnant, but you have to monitor the water temperature. We cannot stress this enough: you must avoid hot baths at all costs. Warm is good; hot is dangerous.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists states that bathwater should never raise your body temperature above 102.2 degrees Fahrenheit. Other specialist societies recommend an even lower threshold of 101 degrees ⁽¹⁾.

Temperatures that high, particularly during the first trimester, can cause complications that negatively affect you and your unborn baby ⁽²⁾.

If your temperature stays above that threshold for more than 10 minutes, the following complications can occur:

• Dizziness or fainting.
• General weakness.
• A sudden drop in blood pressure.
• Dehydration.
• Birth defects (specifically neural tube defects).

A drop in blood pressure can deprive your baby of essential nutrients and oxygen. If the drop is significant or lasting, it can lead to complications like low birth weight ⁽³⁾.

Pay attention to your body. If your skin turns red, you start sweating, or you feel flush, the water is too hot. Interestingly, if you stop sweating while in a hot environment, that is a severe warning sign of overheating.

To stay safe, limit your baths to shorter sessions, preferably less than 10 minutes. Keep your upper chest, arms, and shoulders out of the water to help your body regulate heat.

Even if the water feels amazing, don’t push your limits. A few minutes of relaxation isn’t worth risking permanent damage to your baby’s development.

Many mothers purchase water thermometers to measure the temperature of their baby’s bath. You can be proactive and buy one now to protect your baby before they are even born.

Why Are Hot Baths Dangerous?

Beyond the dizziness risks for you, hot baths are dangerous because they raise your core body temperature. Consequently, this raises the temperature of the womb.

Your baby depends on you for temperature regulation. They cannot sweat or cool themselves down yet. Because the womb is deep inside your body, it already maintains a slightly higher temperature than your skin. Adding external heat intensifies this.

There is a reason pregnant women are advised to avoid saunas, jacuzzis, and hot tubs; they simply get too hot and stay hot.

Bathing Throughout Pregnancy

You can typically take a bath throughout your entire pregnancy unless a doctor specifically directs you otherwise. However, different stages of pregnancy come with different risks.

1. First Trimester

You can take baths during the first trimester, though some doctors advise caution. If you have a high-risk pregnancy, ask your provider before hopping in the tub.

The first trimester is vital for your baby because their organs are forming. This is the period where the neural tube (brain and spine) develops. Overheating during these early weeks is linked to a higher risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida.

Overheating is dangerous at any time, but it is critical to avoid it while the brain and spinal cord are developing ⁽⁴⁾.

2. Second Trimester

The second trimester is generally the “golden period” of pregnancy, and bathing is usually safe here too.

However, you still need to regulate the water temperature. Hot water dilates your blood vessels, which lowers your blood pressure. Since your blood volume has already increased to support the baby, these rapid changes can lead to dizziness and nausea.

If you get dizzy, you risk falling when getting out of the tub. Move slowly and keep the water warm, not hot.

If you are not fully submerged, you might not realize how hot the water actually is. Use your hand or foot to check, but trust a thermometer over your own sensation.

3. Third Trimester

By the third trimester, you are likely feeling every ache and pain possible. Your growing baby takes a toll on your back and hips. A bath is a great way to take the weight off your joints.

You can take baths in your third trimester, provided your water hasn’t broken.

Some expectant mothers worry that bathwater might enter the uterus. Fortunately, your baby is protected by the amniotic sac and the mucus plug, so water cannot get in.

However, if your water has broken (ruptured membranes), you must avoid bathing. This means the sterile seal is gone, and your baby is susceptible to infection from the bathwater.

This is also the stage where your balance is compromised. Your center of gravity has shifted, and you might not be able to see your feet. Getting in and out of a slippery tub can be an extreme sport.

If you feel hesitant, have a partner or family member help you. Install a suction grab bar if necessary. There is no shame in asking for help to avoid a dangerous fall.

Bathing With Epsom Salts During Pregnancy

Epsom salt isn’t actually salt; it is a mineral compound of magnesium and sulfate. It naturally breaks down in water and has several benefits for pregnancy.

How To Use Epsom Salt

Add approximately two cups of Epsom salt to your warm (not hot) running bathwater. The crystals will dissolve quickly. Soak for about 10 to 15 minutes to let your skin absorb the magnesium ⁽⁵⁾.

You can do this a couple of times a week safely.

Benefits of Epsom Salt

Athletes use Epsom salts for muscle recovery, and let’s be honest, pregnancy is an endurance sport. When you are dealing with back pain and leg cramps, these salts can be a lifesaver.

Other benefits include:

• Soothes skin: Epsom salt helps soothe stretching, itchy skin. It promotes healing for minor cuts and can provide relief from general pregnancy itching.
• Stress relief: Magnesium is a natural stress reducer. Absorbing it through the skin can help calm your nervous system, benefiting both you and the baby.
• Reduces swelling: Magnesium helps reduce fluid retention. It works best if you combine the soak with a light massage toward the heart. Elevate your feet after the bath for maximum effect.
• Hemorrhoid relief: The anti-inflammatory properties can help shrink hemorrhoids and ease the associated pain.

Where Can You Find Epsom Salt?

You can find Epsom salt at almost any grocery store or pharmacy. While many brands offer scented versions like lavender or eucalyptus, check the ingredients list.

During pregnancy, stick to plain, unscented Epsom salts (100% Magnesium Sulfate) to avoid potential skin irritation or unsafe essential oils. If you want a scent, add a drop of a pregnancy-safe essential oil yourself so you control the quality and quantity.

Epsom salts generally don’t change the water temperature, but always double-check with your thermometer before getting in.

While taking an Epsom Salt bath is considered safe, you should bear in mind that on rare occasions, an allergic reaction can occur. If you are soaking in an Epsom salt bath and you notice your skin becomes itchy and red, or if you notice a rash, get out of the bath immediately and get in touch with your health care provider. You should also avoid submerging any part of your body with broken skin.

If you are a first-time user, fill the tub and add the Epsom salt. Test the water on your skin for a few minutes. If there is no skin reaction, you can soak in that bathtub.

Editor's Note:

Dr. Irena Ilic, MD

Are Bubble Baths Off Limits During Pregnancy?

Picture it: a mountain of bubbles and pure silence. It sounds perfect. But is it safe?

Generally, yes, you can take bubble baths while pregnant, but there are risks to consider.

You are more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) and yeast infections during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Bubble baths, heavily scented soaps, and bath bombs can irritate the urethra or alter vaginal flora, significantly increasing your infection risk.

If you are prone to infections, skip the bubbles. If you do indulge, save it for special occasions rather than a daily habit. To further prevent UTIs, avoid harsh soaps and stay well-hydrated.

Another practical risk: bubbles make the tub slippery. Your balance is already off, and slick soap residue increases the chance of a fall. Rinse the tub well and step carefully.

Can a Warm Bath Induce Labor?

You might hear midwives suggest a warm bath to naturally induce labor. While a bath can help the process, the water itself doesn’t hit an “eject” button on the baby.

A bath works by relaxing your muscles and calming your mind. Stress creates tension, which can actually inhibit oxytocin (the labor hormone). By relaxing in the tub, you lower your adrenaline and allow your body to do what it needs to do naturally.

If you are overdue and stressed, a bath might be the reset button your body needs to start labor, but it is not a medical induction method.

Bathing While Bleeding

You should never bathe if you are experiencing heavy bleeding at any point in your pregnancy.

If you have significant bleeding (like a period), seek medical attention immediately. This could indicate a placental issue or preterm labor.

Light spotting can be normal, occurring in up to 20 percent of first-trimester pregnancies. If you have light spotting, consult your doctor. If they clear you, you can likely take a warm bath, but avoid using tampons.

Using Bath Bombs While Pregnant

Bath bombs are fun, but are they safe?

Most commercial bath bombs are safe, but you must read the label. Look out for “fragrance” or “parfum” listings, which can hide phthalates or chemicals that irritate sensitive skin.

Many bath bombs rely on essential oils. While diluted oils in a full tub are usually fine, some oils are controversial during pregnancy.

• Safe bets: Lavender, chamomile, and ylang-ylang are usually considered safe for relaxation.
• Avoid: Peppermint, sage, rosemary, and clary sage (which can stimulate contractions) are often best avoided, especially in the first trimester.

Always rinse off after using a bath bomb to remove residue from your skin.

Bath Salts And Pregnancy

Doctors often advise against generic “bath salts” because the term is broad and can include products with high concentrations of unsafe minerals or stimulants.

If you want to use salts, stick to pure Epsom salts (Magnesium Sulfate) or Dead Sea salts that are clearly labeled. Avoid anything with vague ingredients.

Always ask your doctor before introducing new bath products to your routine.

FAQs

How Long Can I Stay In the Bath When Pregnant?

There isn’t a strict timer, but 10 to 15 minutes is a safe guideline. The longer you sit in warm water, the more your body temperature might rise. If the water cools down, you can stay longer, but avoid “topping it up” with hot water repeatedly.

Can You Take a Baking Soda Bath While Pregnant?

Yes, baking soda baths are safe and helpful. Adding half a cup of baking soda to your bath can soothe itchy skin, yeast infections, or hemorrhoids. Just ensure the water isn’t too hot and rinse off afterward.

When Should You Not Take a Bath While Pregnant?

Avoid baths if your water has broken, if you are bleeding heavily, or if you feel dizzy or feverish. Also, skip the bath if you are alone and feel unsteady on your feet; the slip risk isn’t worth it.

What is the Hottest Bath You Can Take While Pregnant?

You should aim for water that is roughly body temperature, around 98.6 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. If you have to inch your way into the water because it stings or feels intense, it is too hot.

Can Bath Water Enter the Uterus?

No, bath water cannot enter the uterus under normal circumstances. Your baby is sealed inside the amniotic sac and protected by the mucus plug in the cervix. However, if your water breaks, that seal is broken, and you should stop bathing to prevent infection.

The Bottom Line

Your pregnancy journey comes with aches and pains you never knew existed. You deserve relief, and a bath is a great way to get it.

You can safely soak in the tub as long as your doctor gives the green light. Just remember: keep the water warm (not hot), watch your step getting in and out, and check your bath products for safety.

A relaxing bath can lower your stress and soothe your fatigued muscles, promoting a happier pregnancy. So go ahead, grab that rubber ducky and enjoy the soak.